Control the quality of organic fertilizer.

Conditional control of organic fertilizer production is the interaction of physical and biological characteristics in composting process. Control conditions are coordinated by interaction. Due to different properties and degradation speeds, different wind pipes must be mixed together.

Moisture control.
Moisture is an important requirement of organic composting, in the process of composting, the relative water content of the raw material of compost is 40% to 70%, which ensures the smooth progress of composting. The most suitable moisture content is 60-70%. Too high or too low the moisture content of the material affects aerobic microbial activity, so water regulation should be carried out before fermentation. When the moisture content of the material is less than 60%, the heating speed is slow and the temperature is low decomposition. Moisture of more than 70%, has an impact on ventilation, the formation of anaerobic fermentation, slow heating, poor decomposition and so on. Adding water to the compost heap can speed up the maturity and stability of the compost. Water should be kept at 50-60%. After that, add moisture to keep it at 40% to 50%.

Temperature control.
It is the result of microbial activity, which determines the interaction of materials. At the initial stage of the composting heap, the temperature is 30 to 50degrees C,and the bloodthirsty activitygenerates heat, which triggers the temperature of the compost. The optimum temperature is 55 to 60 degreesCelsius. Heat-obsessed microorganisms degrade large amounts of organic matter and break down cellulose quickly in a short period of time. High temperatures are necessary to kill toxic waste, pathogen parasite eggs and weed seeds, etc. Under normal circumstances, it takes 2to 3 weeks to kill hazardous waste at℃~temperatures of 55 to 65degreesC, or several hours at 70degrees C. Moisture content is a factor affecting compost temperature. Too much moisture lowers the compost temperature. Adjusting water content during composting is conductive to climate change. By increasing the moisture content and avoiding the high temperature during composting, the temperature can be reduced.
Composting is another factor in temperature control. Composting can control the temperature of the material, enhance evaporation and force air through the heap. Using a walk-on compost turntable is an effective way to reduce reactor temperature. It is characterized by easy operation, low price and high performance. Adjust the frequency of compost to control the temperature and the timing of the maximum temperature.

C/N ratio control.
When the C/N ratio is appropriate, composting can be carried out smoothly. If the C/N ratio is too high, due to the lack of nitrogen and limited growth environment, the degradation rate of organic waste slows down, resulting in longer manure composting time. If the C/N ratio is too low, carbon can be fully utilized and excess nitrogen is lost in the form of ammonia. It not only affects the environment, but also reduces the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer. Microorganisms form microbial progeny in the process of organic composting. On a dry weight basis, the raw material contains 50% carbon and 5% nitrogen and 0.25% phosphate. Therefore, the researchers recommend that the appropriate compost C/N is 20-30%.
The C/N ratio of organic compost can be regulated by adding materials that contain high carbon or nitrogen. Some materials such as straw and weeds and dead wood and leaves contain fiber and ligands and pectin. Because of its high C/N, it can be used as a high carbon additive material. Due to the high nitrogen content, livestock manure can be used as a high nitrogen additive. For example, pig manure contains 80% of the ammonium nitrogen available to microorganisms, which effectively promotes the growth and reproduction of microorganisms and accelerates the maturation of compost. The new organic fertilizer granulation machine is suitable for this stage. Additives can be added to different requirements when raw materials enter the machine.

Ventilation and oxygen supply.
Manure compost is an important factor in the lack of air and oxygen. Its main function is to provide the necessary oxygen for the growth of microorganisms. Control the maximum temperature and time of occurrence of compost by controlling ventilation to adjust the reaction temperature. Increased ventilation removes moisture while maintaining optimum temperature conditions. Proper ventilation and oxygen can reduce nitrogen loss and odor and moisture in compost products, easy to store the water of organic fertilizer products have an impact on pores and microbial activity, affecting oxygen consumption. It is a decisive factor in aerobic composting. It needs to control moisture and ventilation on the basis of material properties, and achieve water and oxygen coordination. Taking both into account, it can promote the production and reproduction of microorganisms and optimize control conditions. Studies have shown that oxygen consumption increasesexponentially below 60 degrees C, and that the amount of ventilation and oxygen should be controlled according to different temperatures.

PH control.
PH values affect the entire composting process. In the initial stages of composting, PH affects bacterial activity. For example, PH-6.0 is the boundary point of pig maturation and sawdust. It inhibits the production of carbon dioxide and heat at PH-6.0, and the production of carbon dioxide and heat increases rapidly at PH-6. When entering the high temperature stage, the combination of high PH value and high temperature causes ammonia volaten. Microorganisms degrade into organic acids through compost, reducing pH to about 5. The volatile organic acids then evaporate as the temperature rises. At the same time ammonia is vilified by organic matter, causing PH to rise. Eventually it stabilizes at a high level. At high temperatures of compost, PH values can reach maximum compost rate from 7.5 to 8.5 hours. Excessive PHH can also lead to excessive evaporation of ammonia, so PHH can be reduced by adding aluminum and phosphoric acid. Controlling the quality of organic fertilizers is not easy. This is relatively easy for a single condition. However, the material is interactive and should be combined with each process to achieve the overall optimization of composting conditions. Composting can be handled smoothly when the control conditions are good. Therefore, high-quality organic fertilizers can be produced and used as the best fertilizers for plants.